Ketosis in cows is a metabolic disorder characterized by an energy deficit and buildup of ketone bodies in the blood. Early identification and treatment are important.
Clinical Signs
- Loss of appetite: Often the first sign.
- Weight loss: Rapid loss due to lack of energy.
- Reduced milk production: Significant in lactating cows.
- Weakness and lethargy: Difficulty standing or moving.
- Increased breathing rate: Compensation for energy deficit.
- Depression: Withdrawn and less active.
- Acetone smell on breath: A classic sign of ketosis.
Physical Signs
- Rough, dull hair coat
- Decreased rumen motility
- Constipation
- Yellowing of mucous membranes (possible liver dysfunction)
Diagnosis
- Blood tests: Check for elevated ketone bodies like BHB.
- Urine tests: Detect ketones.
- Milk tests: Detect ketones in lactating cows.
Treatment
- Propylene glycol administration
- Fluid therapy
- Nutritional support
- Antibiotics if secondary infections exist
Ketosis is common in high-producing dairy cows, especially early in lactation. Contact a veterinarian immediately if you suspect ketosis.